Ο υπολογισμός του μεγέθους των πολυμερών σωλήνων και εξαρτημάτων για ένα σύστημα άρδευσης στάγδην εξαρτάται από διάφορους παράγοντες, όπως το μέγεθος της περιοχής που πρέπει να ποτιστεί, ο απαιτούμενος ρυθμός ροής, η πίεση της παροχής νερού και το μήκος του αγωγού.
Ακολουθούν τα γενικά βήματα για τον υπολογισμό του μεγέθους των πολυμερών σωλήνων και εξαρτημάτων για ένα σύστημα άρδευσης με σταγόνες:
Προσδιορίστε τη συνολική έκταση προς άρδευση : Μετρήστε την έκταση σε τετραγωνικά μέτρα ή τετραγωνικά πόδια.
Προσδιορίστε την απαίτηση σε νερό της καλλιέργειας : Προσδιορίστε την απαίτηση σε νερό της καλλιέργειας για τα φυτά που σκοπεύετε να ποτίσετε. Αυτό μπορεί να βρεθεί σε γεωργικά υλικά αναφοράς ή να ληφθεί από την τοπική υπηρεσία γεωργικής επέκτασης.
Υπολογισμός του ρυθμού ροής νερού : Υπολογίστε τον ρυθμό ροής που απαιτείται για την κάλυψη της απαίτησης σε νερό της καλλιέργειας. Ο ρυθμός ροής εκφράζεται συνήθως σε λίτρα ανά λεπτό (LPM) ή γαλόνια ανά λεπτό (GPM).
Προσδιορισμός της πίεσης του νερού : Προσδιορίστε την πίεση του νερού στην πηγή του συστήματος άρδευσης. Αυτό μπορεί να γίνει χρησιμοποιώντας ένα μανόμετρο.
Επιλέξτε το κατάλληλο μέγεθος σωλήνα : Αφού προσδιορίσετε τον ρυθμό ροής και την πίεση, μπορείτε να επιλέξετε το κατάλληλο μέγεθος σωλήνα χρησιμοποιώντας πίνακες κατασκευαστών ή ηλεκτρονικούς υπολογιστές μεγέθους σωλήνων.
Select the appropriate fittings : Select the appropriate fittings, such as elbows, tees, and couplings, based on the pipe size and the layout of the irrigation system.
Check the system design : Once you have selected the pipe and fittings, double check the system design to ensure that the pipe size and fittings will provide the required flow rate and pressure throughout the entire system.
It is important to note that the size of the pipes and fittings will also depend on the type of polymer used, the length of the pipeline, and the number of turns or bends in the system. It is best to consult with a professional or the manufacturer's guidelines to ensure that you have selected the appropriate pipe and fittings for your drip irrigation system.
Here are some additional tips to consider when calculating the size of polymer pipes and fittings for a drip irrigation system :
Consider the distance and elevation changes : The distance and elevation changes between the water source and the irrigation area can affect the water pressure and flow rate. Make sure to factor in these changes when selecting the pipe size and fittings.
Use a pressure regulator : A pressure regulator can help maintain a consistent water pressure throughout the system, which can help ensure uniform water distribution and prevent damage to the system.
Consider the material of the polymer pipe : Polymer pipes are available in a variety of materials, including PVC, polyethylene, and polypropylene. Each material has its own advantages and disadvantages, so make sure to select a material that is appropriate for your specific application.
Plan for expansion : As the temperature changes, the length of the polymer pipe may expand or contract. Make sure to leave enough space for expansion and contraction, or use expansion joints to accommodate these changes.
Consult with a professional : If you are unsure about the size of the polymer pipes and fittings needed for your drip irrigation system, it is best to consult with a professional, such as an irrigation specialist or a plumber. They can provide guidance on the appropriate pipe size and fittings for your specific application, as well as any other considerations you may need to take into account.
Here are a few more things to consider when calculating the size of polymer pipes and fittings for a drip irrigation system :
Use a flow meter : A flow meter can help measure the flow rate of the water in the system, which can be used to determine the appropriate pipe size and fittings.
Factor in the type of emitters : The type of emitters used in the system, such as drip tapes, drippers, or micro sprinklers, can affect the flow rate and pressure requirements. Make sure to factor in the type of emitters when calculating the pipe size and fittings.
Consider future expansion : If you plan to expand the irrigation system in the future, make sure to leave enough space for additional pipes and fittings. It may be more cost effective to install a larger pipe initially to accommodate future expansion.
Check local regulations : Some areas may have regulations or codes that dictate the size of pipes and fittings that can be used in a drip irrigation system. Make sure to check with your local regulatory agency to ensure that your system is in compliance.
Test the system : Once the system is installed, it is important to test it to ensure that it is functioning properly. This can be done by running the system and checking for uniform water distribution, checking for leaks, and measuring the flow rate and pressure at various points in the system.
When calculating the size of polymer pipes and fittings for a drip irrigation system, you can help ensure that the system functions properly and efficiently, and provides the plants with the water they need to grow and thrive.
Use a pressure compensating emitter : A pressure compensating emitter can help ensure that each emitter in the system delivers a consistent flow rate, regardless of the water pressure. This can help ensure uniform water distribution and prevent damage to the system.
Consider the soil type : The type of soil in the irrigation area can affect the water infiltration rate and the frequency of irrigation needed. Make sure to factor in the soil type when determining the flow rate and frequency of irrigation.
Choose the right filter : A filter can help remove debris from the water, which can prevent clogging of the emitters and prolong the life of the system. Make sure to select a filter that is appropriate for your water source and the type of emitters used in the system.
Plan for maintenance : Like any irrigation system, a drip irrigation system requires regular maintenance to ensure proper function. Make sure to plan for routine maintenance, such as cleaning filters and checking for leaks.
Consider the cost : The cost of the pipes and fittings can vary depending on the material, size, and manufacturer. Make sure to consider the cost when selecting the appropriate pipe size and fittings for your system, and factor in the long term cost savings from increased efficiency and reduced water usage.
By taking these factors into account when calculating the size of polymer pipes and fittings for a drip irrigation system, you can help ensure that the system is efficient, effective, and meets the needs of your plants and your budget.
