The materials used in buildings are extremely diverse and depending on the need, environmental conditions and available budget, different materials can be used. In the following, some types of materials used in the design of the building structure will be discussed.
Concrete: Concrete is one of the most important building materials, which is made from the combination of water, cement and various materials such as sand. Due to its high strength and ability to produce on a large scale, concrete is used as a basic material in the construction of concrete structures such as bridges, dams and tall buildings.
Steel: Steel is one of the strongest and most resistant building materials, which is one of the most widely used materials in metal buildings and skeletons due to its features such as load resistance, flexibility, and the ability to operate for a long time.
Stone: Stone is one of the materials that is used in the design of old and luxurious buildings due to its beautiful appearance, high resistance to wear and corrosion, and low flexibility.
Glass: Glass is used in multi-functional buildings such as office, commercial and residential buildings due to its transparency, light transmission, heat and sound insulation, resistance to breakage and wear, and light weight.
Block or brick: Block or brick are materials used in residential and industrial buildings. These materials are used due to less water penetration, high resistance to breakage and wear, heat and sound insulation, flexibility, beauty and reusability.
Also, other materials such as polymer, aluminum, gypsum, silicon oxide, plaster, marble, etc. are also used in buildings. In order to choose the right materials for the building, various factors such as geographical area, climatic conditions, budget, the level of ability to produce and distribute materials and other factors must be considered.
In each construction project, the type and amount of use of each of these materials may be different. For example, in the construction of energy-intensive buildings, it is common to choose materials with high thermal and sound insulation capabilities, instead of reducing the use of glass and increasing the use of cement and concrete. Also, in the design of tall buildings, it is common to use steel and concrete due to their flexibility and high load resistance.
In addition, in order to increase the stability of the building and reduce the harmful effects on the environment, the selection of materials is considered according to factors such as recyclability, lower production of greenhouse gases, and reduction of harmful effects on the environment.
In general, choosing the right materials in the design of the building structure is a multiple process that requires consultation with specialized experts and attention to various factors.
